In this research is analyzed the relationship, in the cross-cultural level, among gender ideology (or sexism) and the self-perception in masculinity/femininity terms, the cultural dimensions proposed by Hofstede (individualism/colectivism, masculinity, distance to the power and reduction of the uncertainty), the Human Development Index, and other national indexes related with socialization, human rights and family's characteristic. Indexes of sexism from the 19 countries studied by Glick and cols. (2000), and the masculinity-femininity indexes from the 29 countries studied by Fernández (2001) were obtained; of all those countries the abone mentioned cultural indexes were also obtained. The results endorse the cross-cultural validity of the conception of ambivalent sexism (beliefs that justify inequality between men and women), showing their relationship with a low level of human development of the country, low scores in femininity (both in men and women), higher collectivism, higher distance to the power, lower respect of the civil rights, higher rate of fecundity among women and more preference for education in the values of good manners, religiosity and obedience.